Cholesterol is a fatty molecule in the cell is divided into LDL, HDL, total cholesterol and triglycerides. Cholesterol is actually one component of fat. As we know, fat is one of the very nutrients needed by our body in addition to other nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and minerals. Fat is one energy source that provides the highest calories. Besides, as one source of energy, especially fat or cholesterol actually is a substance that is needed by our body, especially to form the walls of the cells in the body. Cholesterol is also the basic ingredients of the formation of steroid hormones. Cholesterol we need it, is normally produced by the body in the right amount. But he could be increased in number due to intake of foods derived from animal fats, eggs and so-called junk food (junk food). Excessive cholesterol in the body will be buried in the walls of blood vessels and cause a condition called atherosclerosis which is a narrowing or hardening of the arteries.This condition is a precursor of heart disease and stroke.
From the liver, cholesterol is transported by a lipoprotein called LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) to be brought to the body cells that require, including the heart muscle cells, brain and others in order to function properly. Excess cholesterol will be transported back by a lipoprotein called HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) to be brought back to the liver will be described hereinafter and is cast out into the gallbladder as an acid (liquid) bile. LDL contains more fat than HDL so that it will float in the blood. The primary proteins that make up the Apo-B LDL (apolipoprotein-B). LDL is considered as the fats are "bad" cholesterol because it can cause sticking on the walls of blood vessels. In contrast, HDL is known as the fat is "good" because of the operation he was clearing excess cholesterol from blood vessel walls to transport it back to the liver. The primary proteins that make up HDL are Apo-A (apolipoprotein). HDL has less fat content and have a high density so that more weight.
Causes of Cholesterol
consumption of foods high in fat and cholesterol sources (such as greasy foods, bersantan, fast food), alcohol and excessive sugar.
Handling hypercholesterolemia
Handling hypercholesterolemia
· Eat foods high in fiber, use oil-MUFA (mono-unsaturated fatty acids) and PUFA (poly-unsaturated fatty acids), supplementation with fish oils, vitamin antioxidants and maintain ideal weight.
· If pengatura lifestyle is not capable of lowering blood cholesterol levels, then the patient should take the medicine. Drugs that can be used are:
a. Acid class of fibrates à Gemfibrozil, fenofibrate and Ciprofibrate. Fibrates decrease the production of LDL and increase HDL levels. LDL stacked in the arteries thereby increasing the risk of heart disease, while HDL protects arteries of buildup that.
b. Group à cholestyramine resin (Chlolestyramine) Antihiperlidemik drug works by binding to bile acids in the intestine and increase the removal of LDL from the bloodstream.
c. HMGCoa reductase inhibitor class à Pravastatin, Simvastatin, Rosavastatin, Fluvastatin, Atorvastatin.Inhibiting the formation of cholesterol by inhibiting the action of the enzyme in the liver tissue that produces mevalonate, a small molecule that is used to synthesize cholesterol and mevalonate derivatives. Besides increasing the disposal of LDL from the bloodstream.
d. Nicotinic acid niacin à Group With large doses of nicotinic acid is indicated to increase the HDL or good cholesterol in the blood.
e. Group of ezetimibe Lowers total cholesterol and LDL also increases HDL by reducing cholesterol absorption in the intestine.
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